Supreme Court of India
Pooja Ramesh Singh v J&K Bank (Essel Infraprojects insolvency)
Withdrawn · 2 July 2026
What was fabricated
Of six authorities the tribunal relied on, three citations did not exist, one was a wrong citation carrying an invented paragraph, and two were real citations carrying invented paragraphs. The bank's affidavit said its counsel never cited them and that the tribunal found them through its own research.
What happened as a result
The Supreme Court set aside the NCLT and NCLAT orders and sent the application back for fresh decision, and directed the Bar Council of India to constitute a committee on advocates submitting fake or hallucinated material as precedents, including disciplinary action. It likened such material to "the release of methyl isocyanate in the province of law and justice".
Sources
- https://indiankanoon.org/doc/113338666/
- https://www.barandbench.com/news/litigation/supreme-court-sets-aside-nclt-judgment-for-relying-on-hallucinated-ai-generated-citations
- https://www.livelaw.in/supreme-court/supreme-court-sets-aside-nclt-judgment-for-using-ai-hallucinated-citations-asks-bci-to-examine-issue-539616
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